The elementary conviction of transmission

transmission system when the car started to accelerate the driving force necessitated is relatively colossal, then the vehicle speed is low, the engine had to be at a higher speed to output more power. When speeds up, the car's driving dynamics but also the need to gradually reduce the end, this time as long as the engine to reduce speed to reduce power output, can invest enough power car. The car's speed from low to lofty in the process, the engine speed is changed from lofty to low, how to resolve conflicts phenomenon? Then known as the
transmission as a result of operational needs of the In recent annuals, as user claim and advances in technology, automobile factory evolution as transmission, Full use of the current F1 car,
Manual-transmission system
which contains the handbook transmission clutch, manual transmission two main partitions.
clutch: the engine power is secondhand to spread transmission organizations, the use of friction of friction to transfer power chip. General model used by the friction hold merely 2 movies, while cars and heavy-duty vehicle use has extra friction disk hold. And control from there two varieties of dry and wet, wet clutch namely immediately almost not longer accustom in the car above.
manual transmission: the manually manipulated transmission gear change deed to do so among the manual gearbox input shaft and output shaft of the gear mesh. Different sets of gear teeth meshing with the following, you can produce a diversity of gear ratios. The current manual transmission with synchronized gears are meshing traditions so that more of the simple shift operation, shift of the ride is better.

automatic transmission system operator to make the car easier, and so not good by operating a manual transmission the driver can easily drive a car, then create a access to automatically change the transmission gear has transform an important job, so automotive engineers in 1940 developed the world's first with automatic transmission. Since then driving a car by the beginning, stopping and haste and deceleration of the moving process,GHD Blue Styler Straighteners, the drivers do not need to shift the action.
Beijing Modern modern automatic transmission system which contains a fluid torque converter, automatic transmission, electronic control system in three main sections. Which added in the electronic control system as document control programs manual, it becomes a manual operation of the
fluid torque converter: the active and passive impeller impeller between the use of hydraulic oil as a power transmission medium. Since the power transmitted to the input shaft to the output of the shaft, through the power output shaft and then sent to the automatic transmission.
impeller as hydraulic oil in the active and passive flow between the impeller will expend some power. To reduce power losses in the active and passive does not join a group between the impeller impeller to increase the efficiency of energy transfer; and fluid torque converter clutch to multiplication a group, and the driving conditions in the applicable use of the clutch to take the initiative and Passive wheel lock, so that active and passive wheel speed difference between the no longer, thereby increasing the power transmission efficiency.
automatic transmission: the shifting planetary gear set constitute a body to subserve the use of multiple sets of hydraulic friction panel, to control the planetary gear set of the action, to change the power transmission way in gear, resulting in a variety of deceleration rate. Toyota Celsior (Lexus LS430) in 2003, hired a six-speed automatic transmission, Toyota became the third six-speed automatic transmission used car plant.
electronic control system: early mechanical automatic transmission shift control hydraulic pressure to change is to decide when to do the shifting action, even after years of research and correction, mechanical automatic transmission for file performance is still unfavorable. So electronic automatic transmission out of it in response. In order to shift the timing more accurate, and access files more smooth for the quality of the manifold car contractors are putting in a lot of resources for the automatic transmission electronic control system research. For example, in Toyota automatic transmission cars have Lup-s, ECT-i electronic control features, in a relatively fashionable type of automatic transmission has also joined the


manual gearbox

a elementary principle, the character of transportation
engine determines the physical specifics of transmission exists. First, anyone engine has a tip speed; Secondly, the engine highest power and maximum torque at a certain speed area there. For sample, the engine highest power occurs at 5500 rpm. Transmission process can be in the car driving between the engine and the wheels have different gear ratios, gear can make the best engine in its power extravaganza state. Ideally, the transmission gear ratio to be flexible. Continuously variable transmission (CVT) to have this feature, you can melodrama better engine power extravaganza.
two, CVT
CVT with continuously variable speed ratio. It has been because of the amount, size and stability of the relationship between the car and no a lot of equipment. Now, the enhanced devise makes use of CVT has been more prevalent.

servant AUDI 2.8 CVT

gearbox connected to the engine through the clutch, so the gearbox input shaft and the engine can approach synchronous speed.

Benz C-Class Sport Coupe 6-speed manual transmission

a five-speed gearbox offers 5 another gear ratio, the input shaft and output shaft rotational speed distinction between the produce.

Third, the easy transmission model
To better comprehend transmission works, let's first see at a simple model of 2-speed gearbox, between the various parts to see how matching:


input axis (green) and connected to the engine through the clutch,New GHD Professional Pink Straighteners, shaft and top gear is a part.
shaft and gear (ruddy) is shrieked the intermediate shaft. They rotate together. Axis (green) rotated through the intermediate shaft driven gear meshing with the rotation, then, the intermediate shaft can transfer the engine power up.
axis (yellow) is a spline shaft, pedal shaft directly interlocked through the differential to drive the car. Turning the wheel ambition rotate attach with the spline shaft.
gear (blue) in the spline shaft turns freely. The engine stopped, yet the car still in motion, the gear (blue) and intermediate shaft are stationary, when the spline shaft with the cycles still rotating.
gear (blue) and the spline shaft is connected to the sleeve, the sleeve can rotate with the spline shaft, but also can slide freely around the spline shaft to gear (blue).
1 file
hanging a file, and the right gear on the sleeve (blue) gear. See below:


shown, the input axis (green) driven by the intermediate shaft, intermediate shaft driven by the right gear (blue), gear spline shaft through the sleeve and connected to transfer energy to the drive shaft. At the same time, the left gear (blue) are rotated, but the want of warranty and the sleeve, so it does not affect the spline shaft.
When two gears in the middle of the sleeve (first figure), the gearbox in independent position. Two gears are splined shaft free to rotate, the speed by the middle of the gear shaft and gear (blue) gear ratio between the determination.

4 real transmission
Today, 5-speed manual transmission petitions is quite common, retinue the model.


shift lever is connected to three by three shift fork rod, see underneath


shift lever in the navel of a circulation point, when you Dial-a document, you are actually connecting rod and shift fork to push the opposite intention.
when you migrate approximately the shift pry is in fact select a different shift fork (different sleeve); ahead and afterward the move is to choose a different gear (blue).


reverse gear through an intermediate (lilac) to achieve. As shown, the gear (blue) is all toward the additional gear (blue) in the opposite direction rotation. Thus, in the car forward in the process, it is impossible to hang into the reverse of the sleeve and the gear teeth on the (blue) can not be busy, but will have a lot of ruckus.
synchronizer
synchronization is to make the sleeve and the gear teeth on the (blue) to generate a frictional contact before mating, see below


gear (blue) on the cone just the card into the sleeve protruding tapered gap between the friction makes the sleeve and gear (blue) simultaneously, the external sliding sleeve and the gear mesh.
when car manufacturers have their own gearbox fabrication implementation, presented here is a basic concept,GHD Rare Styler Straighteners!



Automatic transmission works

automatic transmission tin be based above engine load and speed, etc. automatically change the transmission ratio, production the car get good power and oil economy and reduce engine emissions. Automatic transmission control is easy, when the vehicle is thronged, tin greatly improve vehicle safety and reliability.
commonly electronically controlled automatic transmission torque converter, planetary gear transmission, shift actuator, hydraulic control systems,GHD Straighteners NZ, electronic control system composed of five parts.

torque converter works on the car now widely used by the pump wheel, turbine and guide wheel consisting of three components of a single-stage two-phase closed-bring ... to an endtegrated torque converter. Pump and turbine wheel are basin-shaped. And the torque converter pump wheel shell as a single thing, is an active makeup; turbine suspended in the torque converter, through the splined output shaft connected to the driven unit; pulley suspended in between the pump and turbine wheel, a one-way clutch and guide sleeve fixed to the transmission axle housing.
the engine starts, crankshaft driven pump wheel rotation, the centrifugal coerce generated by rotating the pump rotor blade between the working fluid along the outside brim of the blade from the inside edge of the dart; this part of the working fluid with the pump wheel both with the rotation of the park circumferential speed of the sub, dissimilar axis points toward the turbine speed. The impact of the working fluid turbine blades, the turbine wheel in the same direction with the pump rotation.


from the turbine working fluid flow speed v can be watched as a work surface of the liquid flow for the turbine blades sub with turbine speed ω and the velocity u with the synthesis of sub-rotation. When the turbine speed more hours, the working fluid outflow from the turbine is backward, the impact of the working fluid leaves the front of the guide wheel. Because one-way clutch idler pulley is not limited to behind rotation, so the guide wheel blades backward flow of working fluid will move forward guide wheel vane pump, pump wheel for rotation,GHD Red Styler Straighteners, thereby increasing the torque acting on the turbine.
with the turbine speed increases, the sub-velocity u is also larger,GHD MK4 Pink Straighteners, when the closing speed ω v and u start the sorcerer refers to the behind of the blade wheel, the torque converter to reach the fussy point. When the turbine speed further increases, the clash of the working fluid leaves the behind of the guide wheel. Because one-way clutch allows the lead wheel and pump wheel with ahead rotation, so the working fluid, driven pulley along the direction of rotation of pump wheel to rotate freely, smoothly working fluid back to the pump wheel. When the working fluid flowing from the turbine adviser wheel blades coincided with the backup in the same direction, the torque converter does not produce additional torque achieve (when the condition is called torque converter fluid coupling condition).


working fluid passing through the torque converter torque than mechanical transmission of the transmission efficiency is cheap. Set in the torque converter clutch, high-speed conditions in the pump and turbine wheels locked together, to effect direct power transmission, the transmission torque converter to improve efficiency.
planetary gear transmission goes
transmission and torque converter, been capable to boost
Daihatsu
motive torque, but torque variation than not, variable speed range is not broad, can not encounter the automotive the need to use condition. To beyond increase the torque, to distend its transmission scope, the vehicle's competence to accustom, but after the torque converter installed in an assistant transmission - a stage gear transmission. Most of the gear transmission speed of the planetary gear.
planetary gear transmission is a planetary gear mechanism and the clutch, brake and clutch components such as actuators. Planetary gear mechanism is usually composed of multiple planetary line. Planetary line number and file digit of the digit.


planetary gear transmission shift actuator including shift clutch, brake and shift from one-way device.
shift clutch is wet multi-plate clutch, the hydraulic piston driven film to take the initiative and pressed tablets, the clutch engagement; when the working fluid unloaded from the cylinder when the piston, the piston return spring back, so clutch.
shift brakes usually have two forms: an is the wet multi-plate brake, wet multi-plate clutch structure is basically the same, the difference is used to connect rotating brake parts and the transmission housing, so that rotating parts can not rotate . Another form of brake shift outside the beam-type band brake.
planetary gear transmission of the one-way clutch and torque converter one-way clutch in the same framework.
hydraulic mechanical transmission automatic transmission control
hydraulic automatic control system typically consists of oil, manual gear culling, parameter regulation, shifting period control, shift quality control components.
supply part of the selection along to throttle opening and accompanied to the boom position changes, adapt the hydraulic pump output to the specified merit, to manner a settled hydraulic work.
in the hydraulic fluid control auto transmission, the parameter adjustment part of the chief throttle pressure regulating valve (the throttle valve) and the speed control regulator (too understood as governor). Throttle the output hydraulic pressure regulating valve apt reflect the size of throttle prologue; speed control hydraulic pressure regulating valve so that the size of the output speed to reflect the size.
shift time control section for converting leads to the shift leader (clutch and brake) of oil in array to achieve shift control.
by locking marking valve solenoid valve control, torque converter lockup clutch in a timely form within the bonding and isolation.
shift quality control part of the role is to make the process more smooth soft shift.