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2127337 2010 年 06 月 10 日 13:52 Reading (loading. ..) Comments (1) Category: Garden Information
Waterfront (including the riverside, lakeside, riverside and coastal) is to protect ecological resources in key areas, the decline of the urban waterfront areas once the reconstruction and development activities in the global present trend is accelerating. Since the 90s of last century, the waterfront development is the construction of a hot city.
in Landscape Design, riparian zone is the most common design area, the design is difficult, also known as intermittent rivers, seasonal rivers,
pandora sale, seasonal river, a river in the dry season , little river, and even drying up, exposed river bed; wet season, forming water, and even flood Pentium. Of these rivers usually flow through the hot and dry regions, and the average annual flow of small, but heavy rain, melting snow has caused a great flood. Its characteristics are: process large short slope, base flow is small, the flood of short, large, rapid current, sediment content. Dry season river dried up, the flood of disaster-prone. At present due to the excessive diversion of rivers of human, closure will become seasonal rivers, perennial rivers.
If the channel is designed
common form of a】 【Figure, in the year, the height difference at the junction of River waterfront bare range, landscape one, if in order to prevent erosion, the use of rigid bulkhead, the green is even worse conditions and ecological effects.
Chart】 【
with the economic and social development, ecological projects on the river put forward new requirements:
reconstruction to improve the river by river
ecological functions, under the premise of ensuring the flood protection along the river banks, large waterside planting, according to local conditions to select appropriate locally grown trees, shrubs, ground cover and wetlands and aquatic plants, improve the ecological environment of river】 【Figure II.
】 【Figure II
the original red line the narrow river to relax, set the main channel, secondary channel, and flood channels, etc. in different regions, with the elevation of the appropriate platform to separate the three different forms of channel, every a certain distance, in cross section, the three channels of communication】 【Figure III, and set the roller dam, so that there is a certain amount of water of each river, nourishing the growth of the plateau breeding species. Rainy season the water level rose, flooded the lower terrace a short, here is the aquatic ecosystems and terrestrial ecosystems alternately control the transition zone, is a special type of wetland ecosystems.
】 【Figure III
by aquatic ecosystems and terrestrial ecosystems of the alternating control, due to alternating wet and dry soil redox potential result in the alternating and the different nature of the cyclical nature of microbial communities turn, accelerated the degradation of organic matter and detritus of the process of blocking and filtering pollutants with water purification function, is also part of the fish breeding sites. However, this region can only grow at the same time to adapt to terrestrial, wetland and aquatic habitats of the plant community, ecosystem stability lower】 【Figure IV.
】 【Figure IV
the river through this ecological design, water and land are two completely different environment organically link up, survival of the waters where shellfish, fish and insects, but also survival landing to the birds, insects, mammals, reptiles, and can survive in waters and land of amphibians, the formation of a rich ecosystem. Due to the sub channel and flood channel】 【Figure Five year in alternating wet and dry static state waters or moving waters and the main river channel morphology of different aquatic plants, constitute a different landscape. In the riverside road, between the flood area and terrace, available trail overhead horizontal linkages, to facilitate visitors to view different areas in the dry season the landscape】 【Figure VI.
】 【Figure V
】 【Figure VI
The use of plants embankment, the design of ecological effects of enhanced platform, should also pay attention to solve the following problem:
1, pay attention to highlight the river's natural self-purification. Do not cut the bends, should be wide and the width should be narrow is narrow, should turn the corner, through the fall, creating river water levels drop and the jet stream, slow flow, etc., form a natural purification capacity. Designed to have the entire river ups and downs, there was a hidden, a pit with depression, there is slow there is acute, resulting in various forms of natural waterfall, steam, so that the water in the flow during the process of purification.
2, focus on maintaining and creating the natural state of rivers. Change the past with concrete, stone lining of the practice, and the river bank protection with ecological materials, scouring the more serious areas, the use of? Stone, wood piles and other bank protection methods. To river breathable, to promote the exchange of surface water and groundwater. Growing root system of vegetation, reinforcement of embankments, effectively resist the erosion of the flood season.
3, pay attention to the natural water purification plants and animals. Planted in the river through the reed, cattail, water plants and other aquatic plants suitable for the local water environment, taking care to protect the natural form of vegetation, the water absorption of harmful substances in water purification. You can also stocking of aquatic animals, the diversity of the restoration of river plants and animals, people and water re-natural landscape.
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